The Weimar Constitution created a semi-presidential system in which power was divided between the president, a cabinet and a parliament. Article 81 makes it possible to enact a law without the approval of the Bundestag: if the Bundestag rejects a motion of confidence, but a new chancellor is not elected nor is the Bundestag dissolved, the chancellor can declare a draft law to be "urgent". It is a matter of political tradition – not legal restrictions – that the president generally does not comment routinely on issues in the news, particularly when there is some controversy among the political parties. If the opposition has turned in a strong showing in state elections, it can potentially have enough support to defeat the chancellor's party's candidate; this happened in the elections in 1979 and 2004. A slightly modified version also existed from 1926, that was used in addition to the 1921 version. The eagle (Reichsadler, now called Bundesadler) in the design that was used in the coat of arms and presidential standard in the Weimar Republic and today was originally introduced by a decision by President Friedrich Ebert on 11 November 1919. He represents the country abroad and appoints the members of government, federal judges and federal civil servants. - 2 BvE 4/13 - Rn. 2. Back in 1949 Karl Arnold, at the time Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia and President of the Bundesrat, also acted as head of state for a few days: after the Basic Law had come into effect and he himself was elected as President of the Bundesrat, the first President of Germany was not yet elected and the office therefore vacant. Ainsi, il peut s'agir de personnalités publiques tels que des acteurs, des artistes, des responsables d'organisations importantes[N 1]. Thus, the political parties always also nominate a number of prominent personalities as representatives(xxx). There is no need for a countersignature if the president proposes appointments and dismisses the chancellor, convenes or dissolves the Bundestag according to Article 63, declares a legislative state of emergency, calls on a Chancellor and ministers to remain in office after the end of a Chancellor's term until a successor is elected or exercises his right to pardon on behalf of the federation, as these are exclusive powers of the president. Dönitz agreed to the surrender to the Allies and was arrested a few days later.[29]. That requires a law enacted by the Bundestag in conjunction with the Bundesrat. He also has important decisive power regarding the appointment of a chancellor who was elected by plurality only, or the dissolution of the Bundestag under certain circumstances. The German presidents, who can be elected to two consecutive five-year terms, have wide discretion about how they exercise their official duties.[5]. The office of president is open to all Germans who are entitled to vote in Bundestag elections and have reached the age of 40, but no one may serve more than two consecutive five-year terms. De même, selon le paragraphe 22 de la loi électorale européenne, un député européen d'origine allemande élu au poste de président doit immédiatement quitter ses fonctions au Parlement européen, avant d'entrer en fonction. Dans l'accomplissement de sa tâche, le président fédéral est assisté par la chancellerie des honneurs et décorations du bureau du président qui fournit des informations et qui, en coopération avec les chancelleries d’État et les sénats des seize Länder, prépare et met en œuvre les décisions du président fédéral dans ce domaine. Cela signifie qu'il a autorité pour révoquer ou commuer une peine pénale ou disciplinaire dans des cas individuels. The Weimar constitution provided that the president be directly elected and serve a seven-year term. En élaborant la Loi fondamentale, le Conseil parlementaire en tira donc les conséquences et réduisit considérablement les attributions et les pouvoirs du président fédéral qui ne peut, par exemple, plus désigner seul le chancelier ni promulguer des « décrets d'urgence » (Notverordnungen). PHOTO: MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION, In-depth analyses and award-winning multimedia content, Get access to all with our no-contract promotional package at only $0.99/month for the first 3 months*, when he visited Singapore in November 2017, President Halimah underlines need for stronger partnership with Germany as she starts her state visit, European Union and Germany to continue to anchor presence in Singapore and the region: Chan Chun Sing. According to Article 60 (2) of the German Constitution, the president has the power to pardon.

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