27318 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE. combustion plants up to 50MWth (EU, 2015b). The Air Quality Committee have produced a list of 12 Air Quality Asks for the Environment Bill. California Air Quality Legislation; Federal Clean Air Act Local Air District Stationary Source Rules and Regulations. Pamphlet published jointly by AirClim, EEB and T&E. This became law in Ireland by way of the European Communities (National Emissions Ceilings) Regulations 2004. The fitness check evaluates the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, coherence and EU added value of the AAQ directives, and the findings will inform possible future action to revise the AAQ directives. Is air quality in Europe getting any better? Article in Acid News 1/2018. Exploring ways for sustainably feeding the Nordics. For Clean Air Everywhere: What can be done to decrease air pollution? New York: Oxford University Press Inc. Dublin City Council. Not only that but is also an offence to market, sell or distribute any fuels specified in the regulations within defined areas of Ireland. 140 000 life-years lost each year in London because of air pollution. The new “combined” directive on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe (2008/50/EC) entered into force in June 2008. UK brought to court on bad air quality. Professional Certificate in Environmental Management (OSH40160), University College Dublin, Dublin, on 1 November 2016. It lists the pollutants for which air quality standards and objectives would be developed and specified in legislation (EU, 1996). No. Article in Acid News 3/2015. Article in Acid News 1/2011. Air Quality By-law published, and previous by-laws repealed. The genesis of air quality within the EU is the Council Directive 96/62/EC on ambient air quality assessment and management which is commonly referred to as the Air Quality Framework Directive. Directive 2008/50/EC on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe, Particles and health. Under Section 6 it is an offence in these regulations for the home owner/occupier of any private dwelling to burn bituminous (smoky) coal. Air Pollution – Law and Policy Good air quality is essential for our health, quality of life and the environment. The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, 1992 Framework Convention on Climate Change, Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution, Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, "The clean air package: Improving Europe's air quality", http://www.dublincity.ie/sites/default/files/content/WaterWasteEnvironment/AirQualityMonitoringandNoiseControl/Documents/Dublin_Regional_Air_Quality_Management__Plan_2009_2012.pdf, http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31996L0062, http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-13-1274_en.htm, http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-13-1169_en.htm, http://ec.europa.eu/environment/air/quality/, http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/air-quality-in-europe-2014, https://www.limerick.ie/council/air-pollution, https://web.archive.org/web/20160707120526/http://www.who.int/about/definition/en/print.html, http://www.who.int/phe/health_topics/outdoorair/outdoorair_aqg/en/, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air_quality_and_EU_legislation&oldid=957685375, Wikipedia references cleanup from November 2016, Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify from November 2016, All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify, Wikipedia articles with style issues from November 2016, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Articles needing additional references from October 2018, All articles needing additional references, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from May 2020, All Wikipedia articles needing words, phrases or quotes attributed, Wikipedia articles needing words, phrases or quotes attributed from May 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, have a deleterious effect on flora or fauna or damage property, or, impair or interfere with amenities or the environment". Subsequent to the Gothenburg Protocol United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) agreed in December 1999, which focused on reducing, by 2010, the air concentrations of four air pollutants, namely sulfur dioxide (to be reduced by 63%), nitrogen oxides (41%), volatile organic compounds (40%) and ammonia (17%), leading the EU to introduce the 2001/81/EC Directive on national emissions ceilings. The EEA's mandate is to help the community and member countries make informed decisions about improving the environment and integrating environmental considerations into economic policies, and to coordinate the European environment information and observation network (Eionet). While full compliance originally should have been achieved in 2005, under the new directive extensions until June 2011 could be granted under certain circumstances. Article in Acid News 1/2015. Penalties range from a ceiling of €1000 (marketing, selling or distributing) for on the spot fines or up to €5000 plus costs if court proceedings are instigated. As a result, air pollution from the burning of solid fuel can be of a greater concern in smaller towns in Ireland (Dublin City Council, 2009). Particles killing half a million. This led to an immediate reduction in smoke levels, thus offering the potential for better health. Available at: World Health Organisation. , Stakeholders and the public play critical roles in developing standards and implementation of the Clean Air Act. 180 of 2011) which in turn replaced the Air Quality Standards Regulations 2002 (S.I. Harmful air pollution levels still much too high. (2016) Air Quality. EEA Report No 28/2016. EU auditors urge tougher action on air quality. (2014) Air quality in Europe - 2014 report. A review and revision of the air quality directive was foreseen for 2013, but in view of all the ongoing infringement proceedings against member states that have failed to comply with the current standards for PM10 and NO2, the Commission has decided to postone such action. Six countries taken to court over air quality breaches. The specified limit values are minimum standards, meaning that member states can introduce stricter standards if they wish. Also in this case the new directive could allow extensions – here up to 2015. Oxford: Hart Publishing. The Environmental Protection Agency was assigned the status of competent authority to assess ambient air quality, approving air measuring devices, etc. The United States has made great progress since 1970 in cleaning the air, but the job is far from complete. Article in Acid News 4/2013. Available at: European Environment Agency. A new Clean Air Programme for Europe enabling existing targets are met in a much shorter term with more detailed new air quality objectives for the period up to 2030. (Birnie et al., 2009). (2015b) Questions and answers on the EU Clean Air Policy Package Available at: European Commission. This new directive did not change the previously set standards as such, but member states were given more time to meet already existing standards in certain areas. Following the signing into law of the Air Pollution (Fixed Payment Notice) Regulations, 2015 in December 2015, by Minister Alan Kelly, local authorities now have the option of issuing fixed penalty notices for alleged breaches of the 2012 Regulations. Bringing justice through the air quality directiver. In order to do this the legislation sets out the need for member states to break their countries into zones and agglomerations (collections of people). Air pollution by PM is estimated to cause nearly 400 000 premature deaths every year in the EU. Article in Acid News 4/2014. New air quality objectives for PM2.5 (fine particles) including the limit value and exposure related objectives. , Under the Act, EPA seeks to provide industry with flexibility on ways to control emissions while maintaining accountability for achieving reductions. Among the many reasons that something had to be done was the importance of reducing the greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming. Article in Acid News 2/2010. However, the Commission denied the majority of requests from member states for such time extensions, the major reasons being that countries have not demonstrated that they have taken all feasible measures and/or that they will actually achieve compliance within the extension period. Support via research, innovation and probably most important of all, co-operation between all stakeholders will be a factor. The main advising agency of the EU is the European Environment Agency (EEA). And whereas additional legislation is necessary to strengthen the Government’s strategies for the protection of the environment and, more specifically, the enhancement of the quality of ambient air, in order to secure an environment that is not harmful to the health or well-being of people, while promoting justifiable economic and social development; 4 No. New York: Oxford University Press Inc. Bodansky, D, Brunée, J, Hey, E. (2007) The Oxford Handbook of International Environmental Law. According to the Dublin Regional Air Quality Management Plan 2009 – 2012 (Dublin City Council, 2009): "these levels subsequently reduced from being close to or exceeding legal limit values to a point that is almost one tenth of the legal standard of 250 μg/m3.". Air Pollution. The reduction of acid rain, the scourge of many cities because of damaged buildings, would be another benefit[attribution needed]. 2009-2012. Since the late 1970s, the European Union's (EU) policy has been to develop and drive appropriate measures to improve air quality throughout the EU. Ireland is broken into 4 zones, A, B, C and D representing Dublin, Cork, small towns/cities and rural areas respectively (Menzies, 2016). Ruling against Bulgaria opens door for air pollution action. (LAN57562, PG8038, 8 February 2019, pg 2) Victor Khanye Local Municipality) Air Quality Management By-law, 2018 published with effect from date published by the Council. The regulations of each district are available below. The EU estimate that the benefits to health, by 2020 and certainly by 2030, will save society in the region of at least €40 billion with even more if the higher productivity brought about by healthier workers (fewer lost working days) was to materialise. These amendments set the stage for protecting the ozone layer, reducing acid rain and toxic pollutants, and improving air quality and visibility. The four daughter directives were: When presenting the Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution in September 2005, the Commission also proposed a new air quality directive. Article in Acid News 4/2018. Policy action improves air quality in Europe. Air pollution levels still much too high. on the spot fines. For more than forty years, the Clean Air Act has cut pollution as the U.S. economy has grown. Actions to implement the Clean Air Act have achieved dramatic reductions in air pollution, preventing hundreds of thousands of cases of serious health effects each year. Section 4 of the Air Pollution Act, 1987 defines air pollution as:

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