Chinese – 77% (Hokkien, Cantonese, and Mandarin speakers) Malay – 14%; Indian – 8% Power Distance is defined as the extent to which the less powerful members of institutions and organisations within a country expect and accept that power is distributed unequally. In societies with a pragmatic orientation, people believe that truth depends very much on situation, context and time. Hi! nation’s people it is important to understand their values and culture. Here are the examples. Asserting individual preferences may be seen as less important than having a sense of belonging to a group, conforming to its norms, and maintain ing harmony among its members. Thanks for the A2A C. Michel de Wilde (Quora User). In some cultures, words are central and the main means of communication. Religious and other cultural traditions of Indonesia play a very important role in daily life and in the country’s businesses practices as well. Normative societies. One of the most popular one is the word ‘enak (delicious for food). Read Also How to Say Time in Bahasa Indonesia. Kawan itu bercerita bahwa saat itu dia sedang bekerja di sebuah perusahaan yang memproduksi ban mobil ,baik untuk digunakan di Indonesia maupun di luar Indonesia. India is a high context culture, there is much reliance on nonverbal gestures. This ambiguity brings with it anxiety and different cultures have learnt to deal with this anxiety in different ways. Javanese Shadow Puppets , 1992. Cultural contexts are not absolutely "high" or "low". Also, even low context cultures can be difficult to learn: religious dietary laws, medical training, written language all take years to understand. Relatively weak control is called “Indulgence” and relatively strong control is called “Restraint”. Indonesian culture is heavily influenced by the many traditional rituals, traditions, and beliefs that originate from the archipelago. Hence, we should learn more about it. It is important that the “gengsi” be strongly maintained thereby projecting a different outward appearance aimed at impressing and creating the aura of status. For example, in a high-context culture, similarity is an important characteristic. Another example of collectivist culture of Indonesia is in the equation between child and parent. Indonesian communicate mostly with implicit verbal, they are not delivering the essence of message directly in addition to respect the communicant. Here is a table of low and high context differences according to … Indonesia scores (46) on this dimension and is thus considered low Masculine. High context communication Polychronic people tend to communicate crucial information with a lot of accompanying background information. Across Indonesia's 17,000-odd islands you can hear over 300 different languages spoken and find a range of people from hipsters in Jakarta to communities speaking tribal dialects and following animist traditions deep in the mountains of West Timor. Indonesia is expected to adjust to the high context cultures of other countries both in the context of … The reason is multifold; but if you extrapolate to UAI dimension you can see that keeping the boss happy means you will be rewarded and if you are rewarded you have no economic or status uncertainty as you will keep being a valuable member of the company. As you know dog which is translated as ‘anjing’ or ‘asu’ is also the most popular swear words in Indonesia. An effective manager is a supportive one, and decision making is achieved through involvement. Many common influences do not exist in a small island city state, such as urban / rural, inland / coastal, climatic and geographic regionalism. However, in terms of ‘nanti’ (later) and ‘besok’ (tomorrow), the two words are more ambiguous. As a diverse country, of course there is general Indonesian High Context Culture and some specific one. Keeler, Ward. Power is centralized and managers count on the obedience of their team members. Indonesia, with a low score of (14) is a Collectivist society. As a diverse country, of course there is general Indonesian High Context Culture and some specific one. Indonesia yang dikatakan high context tetap mempunyai unsur low context yang dapat diketemukan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dari … In general, our destinations and routes are in the more remote parts of Indonesia. Before we do, let’s take a look some useful articles about Indonesian Culture through language. The… Aquaculture activities have not reached many of the areas that we visit. Thanks!! They place a high value on interpersonal relationships and group members are a very close-knit community. Layers of Culture. Indonesia is made up of more than 17,500 islands, 6,000 of which are inhabited. In particular he is known for his high and low context cultural factors. Geert Hofstede berhasil mengidentifikasi 5 model karakteristik untuk mengukur sebuah kultur di masyarakat lintas Negara dengan cara mengambil sampel dari 40 negara, kultur tersebut adalah sebagai berikut : Within a broader intercultural context, the features of Indonesian culture might serve as a basic template to help develop Indonesian intercultural ICS. Religion plays a very important role in Indonesian society and in the daily … ). Indonesia scores high on this dimension (score of 78) which means that the following characterises the Indonesian style: Being dependent on hierarchy, unequal rights between power holders and non power holders, superiors in-accessible, leaders are directive, management controls and delegates. Indonesia is home to with those from the islands of Java, Sumatra and Bali being frequently recorded. Nov 29, 2011 @ 6:18 pm. One thing you should learn, which I believed happened in many languages, is makes the ‘taboo’  words as implicit as it can. Here are the examples. In other words, Indonesians tend to place a high importance on body language and non-verbal communication. High-context cultures will use communication that focuses on underlying context, meaning, and tone in the message, and not just the words themselves. this was a really helpful site. In a high-context culture, there may be no signs, but a guard or employee may accost me if I break any of the rules. They related to when, where, who as well as the culture itself. The dog meat (which is exist) is implied as ‘B1’ (Be satu) while the pork is implied as ‘B2’ (Be dua). There is a desire to take care of parents and give them support in their old age. This can be very confusing for person who does not understand the 'unwritten rules' of the culture. In high-context cultures, the way things are done are not explicitly stated. For an outsider, a high-context culture … As in many Asian and collectivist societies the concept of ‘saving face’ is very important. Indonesian High Context Culture Mostly, it would cause confusion to the non-local speaker or society because the ambiguity of its meaning. This dimension is defined as the extent to which people try to control their desires and impulses, based on the way they were raised. In Collectivist societies people belong to ‘in groups’ that take care of them in exchange for loyalty. The fundamental issue addressed by this dimension is the degree of interdependence a society maintains among its members. Read also : Main Differences Between Bahasa Indonesia and Malaysian Language, Others happened because of the abbreviation. In the case of training, learning happens in … Indonesia consists of thousands of islands and people of various ethnicities, which consequently affect Indonesia’s culture as a whole nation. human geography. Indonesia (/ ˌ ɪ n d ə ˈ n iː ʒ ə / IN-də-NEE-zhə), officially the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Republik Indonesia [reˈpublik ɪndoˈnesia] ()), is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. Here are the examples. General information Adding to the complexity is the fact that many of the business people you encounter will be ethnic Chinese. (When did she come? High context communication believes in sharing every bit of information. Their desire is to make their parents’ life easier. Contact Us | A low score (Feminine) on the dimension means that the dominant values in society are caring for others and quality of life. pregnant) because it is consider improper. It permits the exchange of views without loss of face as well as since one of the main manifestations of Indonesia’s Uncertainty Avoidance is to maintain the appearance of harmony in the workplace; an intermediary removes the uncertainty associated with a confrontation. Values, Morals and Ethics. They will keep smiling and be polite, no matter how angry they are inside. When you travel around Indonesia, you may found cultural shock, because one word could means many things in different context and area. Examples of high context countries include: Japan, China, and the Arab countries. They show an ability to adapt traditions easily to changed conditions, a strong propensity to save and invest, thriftiness, and perseverance in achieving results. Indonesians also tend to speak in a subtle way and would never directly speak their minds in public. Add to Plan. The concept of high and low context was introduced by anthropologist Edward T. Hall in his 1976 book Beyond Culture, and it refers to the way cultures communicate. But, usually people reduplicate the words as ‘kemarin-kemarin’. It is still a high context culture and you are just (alas), ignorant. Those with a culture which scores high, on the other hand, take a more pragmatic approach: they encourage thrift and efforts in modern education as a way to prepare for the future. Also, in contrast to Indulgent societies, Restrained societies do not put much emphasis on leisure time and control the gratification of their desires. Mostly, it would cause confusion to the non-local speaker or society because the ambiguity of its meaning. The point is that that information has been made conscious, systematic, and available to those who have the resources to learn it. 5. One of the biggest differences between cultures is the method by which we communicate. Then, you could also check, © In India, people greet each other using the word Namaste and they put their palms together in front of their chest and give a slight bow of the head. A high score (Masculine) on this dimension indicates that the society will be driven by competition, achievement and success, with success being defined by the winner / best in field – a value system that starts in school and continues throughout organisational life. Context High context. Often it is the position that a person holds which is more important to them because of an Indonesian concept called “gengsi” – loosely translated to be, “outward appearances”. So, if you are go into Yogyakarta, do not confuse with the terms B1 and B2, Further readings: Indonesian Numbers and Learning Indonesian Alphabets. People with this orientation have the perception that their actions are Restrained by social norms and feel that indulging themselves is somewhat wrong. The traditional music of central and East Java and Bali is the gamelan(traditional instruments include: gambang, bonang, saron, petik, gong, dengung, and many more). High-Context Culture. Incentives such as free time and flexibility are favoured. Kipp, Rita Smith ... i am in high school doing a paper for indonesia for A.P. Maybe this is the most ambiguous word in Bahasa Indonesia and might be the cause why Indonesian people known as ‘ngaret’ (late) people. Indonesia scores (48) on this dimension and thus has a low preference for avoiding uncertainty. The dimension Uncertainty Avoidance has to do with the way that a society deals with the fact that the future can never be known: should we try to control the future or just let it happen? Indonesia’s rich culture begets so many inspired works of art — paintings, sculpture, music, dance, theatre, and more. Indonesia’s high score of 62 indicates that it has a pragmatic culture. People within the culture just know - subtle cues such as body language can convey a huge amount of information. This family loyalty is also apparent in the fact that Indonesian families keep elders (such as grandparents) at home instead of sending them to any institution. If we explore Indonesian culture through the lens of the 6-D Model©, we can get a good overview of the deep drivers of Indonesian culture relative to other world cultures. Indonesian children are committed to their parents, as are the parents committed to them all their growing lives. In a high-context culture, there are many contextual elements that help people to understand the rules. The low score of 38 in this dimension shows that Indonesia has a culture of Restraint. Culture. Thus negotiators interpret words together with the context in which the words were conveyed. Indonesian communicate mostly with implicit verbal, they are not delivering the essence of message directly in addition to respect the communicant. Examples of low context cultures include: Scandinavia; Germany, and the US. In other words, Indonesians tend to place a high importance on body language and non-verbal communication. Indonesians … Tidak ada negara yang 100 persen high atau low context culture, apalagi jika negara itu negara majemuk denga berbagai suku, bahasa dan budaya. A Communication is indirect and negative feedback hidden. Control is expected and managers are respected for their position. In Feminine countries the focus is on “working in order to live”, managers strive for consensus, people value equality, solidarity and quality in their working lives. What is the relationship between strategy and company culture? Indonesia an island country that consist of thousand of cultures. Dalam high context dan low context pada umumnya dapat dijumpai dalam masyarakat kolektif dan individual, namun konteks yang diciptakan tersebut dapat berasal dari suatu interaksi khusus yang dibangun atas dasar pola perilaku individu terhadap individu lain. =) 49. nurliah. In high context cultures, communication is largely implicit, meaning that context and relationships are more important than the actual words, and therefore, very few words are necessary. The main difference is the way cultural aspects are stated. It consists of over seventeen thousand islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea. Employees expect to be told what to do and when. It also applies to many African cultures such as Kenya and Zimbabwe. The terms 'high-' and 'low-context' cultures are extremely broad categories. Many organizations want a strong corporate culture. Furthermore, there are also pragmatic sentence, could be statement or questions. • In Javanese culture, power distance is strong. Term of Use, Indonesian High Context Culture – Communication – Tradition, A-Z Javanese Swear Words – Meaning – Rules, Offensive Hand Gestures in Indonesia – Culture – Etiquette, Main Differences Between Bahasa Indonesia and Malaysian Language, Untranslatable Indonesian Words with No English Equivalent, Clock in Bahasa Indonesia – Vocabulary in Bahasa, You in Bahasa Indonesia – Learn Pronoun and Examples, Selamat Pagi Response in Bahasa Indonesia – Conversation in Bahasa, How to Use Word ‘Selamat’ in Indonesian – Structure and Vocabulary, What Does Kuta Mean in Indonesian? Power Distance• According to Hofstede score, Indonesia is marked "high". Another aspect of this dimension can be seen in Conflict resolution. Suatu hari, salah seorang kawan pernah menceritakan keluh kesah terkait sebuah proyek yang sedang ia kerjakan. Even though ‘kemarin’ means yesterday, it is not always means ‘yesterday’, but something that happened at the past. The extent to which the members of a culture feel threatened by ambiguous or unknown situations and have created beliefs and institutions that try to avoid these is reflected in the score on Uncertainty Avoidance. When a person is upset, it is habitual for the Indonesian not to show negative emotion or anger externally. In low-context cultures information is typically conveyed with verbal language. Khususnya masyarakat Jawa yang dipengaruhi oleh budaya sopan santun dalam berbicara dan berusaha menjaga sikap dalam bergaul menjadi aspek penting dalam terciptanya high context. This means that there is a strong preference in Indonesia toward the Javanese culture of separation of internal self from external self. Give us feedback. It is in this context that looking at some of the developments in Indonesia’s aquaculture sector is interesting. Indonesia an island country that consist of thousand of cultures. Dr. Edward Hall firstly put the theory of high-context and low-context cultures forward in 1976 (Jandt 2004:61). Cookies TOS | Societies with a low score in this dimension have a tendency to cynicism and pessimism. In anthropology, high-context culture and low-context culture are ends of a continuum of how explicit the messages exchanged in a culture are and how important the context is in communication.The continuum pictures how people communicate with others through their range of communication abilities: utilizing gestures, relations, body language, verbal messages, or non-verbal messages. " Cultures can, therefore, be described as Indulgent or Restrained. It might range from 1 second later or some time in the future that might not happened. +358 923 163 043 On 29 June 1965, Koes Plus, a leading … And to a lesser degree, Latin American cultures such as Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico. Koen de Hek, Contributor. ), (Besok = Not now) – usually to avoid something, (Besok = Later in the future) – usually to people who like postpone things, Kamu sibuk sekali ya? It has many meanings depends on the context. How to foster a culture of innovation in a large company, Organisational Culture – What you need to know. sales@hofstede-insights.com, Technical Support On the other hand, high context culture includes Japanese, Chinese, Canadians, Italians, etc… and these cultures are often defined as collective society as well. Instead, a comparison between cultures may find communication differences to a greater or lesser degree. Perhaps one very key phrase in Indonesia that describes how this works is “Asal Bapak Senang” (Keep the Boss Happy). Ethnicity. A high context culture may look very different to a person who is familiar with a low context communication style. From the ancient times to contemporary era, Indonesian artists keep drawing inspiration from the archipelago’s culture, values, and nature, ensuring the art scene stays alive and progressing. Each ethnic group has different culture than the others even though they are Indonesian. C)A High Context Culture and another High Context Culture US NetherlandsDenmark UK Poland Italy France India Saudi Korea Australia Germany Swiss Belgium Brazil Spain Russia Zimbabwe Thai Japan Similarly, a high-context individual could be considered vague, secretive, unpunctual, unable to adhere to plans, or incompetent due to a lack of ability to work on their own. What is High Context Culture?• Many things are leftunsaid within thecommunication, themeaning of the messageis only understoodthrough the filter of thespeakers culture.• Relational, collectivist,intuitive, andcontemplative.• Word choice, tone andfacial expressions havegreat impact on themeaning of the message.• A few words cancommunicate a verycomplex messageeffectively, but … In contrast, Masculine countries and to an extent lower Masculine countries that do not score too low on the scale to be called Feminine countries, display the traits of the Masculine societies but in a lesser degree. Exploring the multi-faceted culture of Indonesia … Vocabulary and Tradition, Sepatunya enak (The shoes are comfortable), Suaranya enak (The sound is nice to listen), Enak aja kamu makan sendirian (How could you became so selfish ate everything by yourself), Lukisan tersebut enak dipandang (The painting is breathtaking), Aku tidak enak badan (I’m feeling not well), Dia sih enak-enakan (She does everything she wants), Hidupnya sudah enak (He has a happy life now/He has succeed), Filmnya enak (The movie is great) – For Sumatra dialects only, A: Kapan dia datang? The Multi-Focus Model on Organisational Culture. Without socialization we do not become “human”. There is an emphasis on the tone of voice and visible communication cues like raising of eyebrows or clicking of the tongue. Indonesia’s high score of 62 indicates that it has a pragmatic culture. 9:00AM and 5:00PM CET Secara umum, masyarakat di Indonesia sangat erat hubungannya dengan high context yang sebenarnya dapat kita temukan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Countries that fall into this categorization are Japan, China, France, Spain, Brazil, and more. Context can be defined as “The environment in which the communication takes places and which helps to define the communication” (Jandt 2004: 33). This dimension deals with the fact that all individuals in societies are not equal – it expresses the attitude of the culture towards these inequalities amongst us. This casual or formal greeting is a custom in all of India. Privacy Policy | The communication within those cultures are more likely indirect, implicit, and vague than low context culture. There is an Asian saying that is accepted in Indonesia, “You can get another wife or husband but not another mother or father”. Typically a low-context culture will be less close-knit, and so individuals communicating will have fewer relational cues when interpreting messages. An overview of high context culture. Each message has a great amount of meaning which is reflected in the constant use of indirect communication. Hence, we should learn more about it. Japan being the highest context culture in the world. Berdasarkan tingkat peradaban sebuah bangsa, Indonesia tergolong kepada golongan High Context dalam hal gaya bicara atau komunikasi. Melihat Kasus dari Kaca Mata High Context Culture dan Low Contexts Culture. I'm an Indonesian. High Context Communication Style – As a high context culture Taiwanese people pay a lot of attention to the context surrounding spoken words. Here is the example in the word ‘pagi’ (morning). (You have been very busy, haven’t you? Usually it is used to mock someone (especially because they’ve done a mistake). 7:00AM and 4:00PM CET Typically a high-context culture will be relational, collectivist, intuitive, and contemplative. Conflicts are resolved by compromise and negotiation. Focus is on well-being, status is not shown. Each ethnic group has different culture than the others even though they are Indonesian. In more local sense, in Javanese speaking region, which is the majority is Muslim that consider pork and dog meat are unclean as well as prohibited by the Quran, most people has special terms about it. In Individualist societies people are supposed to look after themselves and their direct family only. Taiwanese tend to avoid answering directly, especially if it is negative, and they will use silence and non-verbal cues to communicate implicitly. Welcome back! The fundamental issue here is what motivates people, wanting to be the best (Masculine) or liking what you do (Feminine). Low context. This applies to many Asian cultures including Singapore, Indonesia, China, Korea, and Japan. Not all is Indonesian Bad Words and Meaning, but people sometimes embarrassed to say it out loud (e.g. It is inappropriate to court a woman and formalize the relationship without informing the parents of the girl first. Indonesia High-Context Culture. In Individualist societies the focus is on the nuclear family only. It's a kind of complete map of Indonesia.
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